Anthropogenic Impacts on Tropospheric Reactive Chlorine Since the Preindustrial

Anthropogenic forcing on tropospheric ozone and OH since preindustrial times

A global three-dimensional model of tropospheric hemistry is used to investigate the changes in tropospheric 03 and OH since preindustrial times as a result of fuel combustion and industry, biomass burning, and growth in atmospheric CH 4. Model results indicate a 63% increase of the global tropospheric 03 burden from preindustrial times to present (80% and 50% in the northern and southern hemis...

Climate response to the increase in tropospheric ozone since preindustrial times:

The reliance on global mean radiative forcing as an index of climate change is questionable for highly inhomogeneous forcing agents such as tropospheric ozone or aerosols. Using a general circulation model, we have carried out a pair of equilibrium climate simulations with previously calculated present-day and preindustrial ozone distributions. We show that the radiative forcing of 0.49 W m-2 d...

Impacts of anthropogenic and natural NO(x) sources over the U.S. on tropospheric chemistry.

We evaluate the impact of anthropogenic and natural NO(x) sources over the contiguous United States on tropospheric NO(x) and O(3) levels by using a global 3D chemical transport model. The effects of major U.S. surface NO(x) emission sources (including anthropogenic, biomass burning, and soil emissions) are compared with that of lightning-produced NO(x). Summer lightning is shown to play a domi...

Change in aerosol composition since preindustrial times

Change in global aerosol composition since preindustrial times K. Tsigaridis, M. Krol, F. J. Dentener, Y. Balkanski, J. Lathière, S. Metzger, D. A. Hauglustaine, and M. Kanakidou Environmental Chemical Processes Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Crete, P.O. Box 2208, 71003 Voutes, Heraklion, Greece Institute for Marine and Atmospheric Research, Utrecht, The Netherlands JRC, Ins...

Anthropogenic Impacts on Estuaries